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naturehomee
Tucson
History
Around 10,000 B.C., Paleoindian and Archaic
hunters and gatherers migrated into the Tucson area, but there is no evidence
of agricultural settlements until approximately 1,000 B.C. One settlement
slightly south of Tucson along the Santa Cruz River dates from approximately
800-200 B.C. and contained at least 175 structures along with irrigation
ditches to cultivate corn and tobacco. The next group to settle in the
area was a culture we now call the "Hohokam" or "Vanished Ones." Between
approximately 100 and 1,450 A.D., they farmed along the Santa Cruz River.
When the Spanish arrived in the late 17th
century, the Akimel O'odham (Pima) and Tohono O'odham (Papago), both descendants
of the Hohokam, lived in villages throughout southern Arizona. In 1694,
Father Eusebio Francisco Kino came into contact with a village of Akimel
O'odham living at the foot of Tucson's Sentinel Peak. Their village was
called "Stjukshon," (spring at the foot of a black mountain,) which eventually
evolved into "Tucson," first with a hard "c" and later anglicized into
a silent "c."
On August 20th, 1775, Lt. Colonel Hugo
O'Conor, an Irish soldier noted as an explorer and fighter for Spain, and
Padre Francisco Garces selected a piece of land on the east side of the
Santa Cruz River and established the Presidio of San Agustín de
Tucsón. In December of the same year, Spanish soldiers from Tubac
were transferred to San Agustín as a defensive move in the Spanish/Apache
wars. This walled fortress provided refuge for travelers and residents
and was soon nicknamed the "Old Pueblo."
In 1797 a census of San Agustín
counted 395 residents, and in 1804, the Presidio and surrounding area,
including San Xavier, had a population of 1,015.
Tucson became part of Mexico in 1821 when
Mexico won independence from Spain, and became part of the United States
with the Gadsden Purchase in 1854. It was proclaimed a territory in 1863
and has remained U.S. territory since, except for a brief period in February,
1862, when Captain Sherod Hunter seized the city for the Confederacy. It
served as capital of the Arizona Territory from November, 1867, until it
was moved to Prescott in 1878. In 1880, the Southern Pacific Railroad came
to Tucson, and the population quickly reached 8,000.
Arizona became the 48th state in 1912,
and by 1990, Tucson's population topped 400,000.
-->
 Angel Island, San Francisco, Chinese Immigration History - aiisf.org 09:12:47 01/20/03 (71)
Hartford's Chinese Community - Stephen Brown 13:02:07 12/24/02 (57)
El Paso's Chinatown - part II - Carry Beverly 11:27:52 12/24/02 (54)
El Paso's Chinatown - Carry Beverly 11:26:11 12/24/02 (53)
Chinatown Yellowpage - Add To
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