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Jackson (Mississippi)
Jackson (Mississippi), city in the central part of Mississippi, capital of the state, and seatof Hinds County. Located on the Pearl River, parts of the city are also in Rankin and Madisoncounties. Jackson is a telecommunications, government, commercial, manufacturing, anddistribution center; products include electrical equipment and machinery, processed food,and primary and fabricated metal products. Livestock, soybeans, cotton, and poultry areraised in the surrounding agricultural area. Commercial air transportation is through JacksonInternational Airport.
The city is the site of Jackson State University (1877), Belhaven College (1883), MillsapsCollege (1890), and the Medical Center (established in 1955) of the University of Mississippi.Points of interest in Jackson include the New Capitol, completed in 1903; the Old Capitol,which dates from the 1830s and is now a museum; Manship House, a Gothic Revival homebuilt by painter Charles Henry Manship; and the nearby Mississippi Agriculture and ForestryMuseum, a complex of 16 hectares (39 acres) which illustrates technological and industrialdevelopments.
The Jackson area was originally inhabited by Native Americans of the Choctaw andChickasaw peoples. A French-Canadian trapper, Louis Le Fleur, built a trading post near thepresent city center in the early 1790s, and this location came to be known as Le Fleur'sBluff. In 1821 it became the state capital and was named in honor of Andrew Jackson, thena military hero for his campaigns in the South against the British and Native Americans andlater the nation's seventh president. When the community was laid out in 1822, alternatingblocks were designated as parks, a plan created by the nation's third president, ThomasJefferson. Jackson incorporated the same year.
In 1863, during the American Civil War, Jackson was destroyed by Union troops underGeneral William Tecumseh Sherman; the city's charred landscape earned it the nameChimneyville. Recovery after the war was slow, but industrial development was spurred inthe 1930s by the discovery of natural gas nearby. During the 1960s and early 1970s, thecity was the scene of racial unrest; subsequent decades have seen improvement in thestate of race relations.
Jackson covers a land area of 281.0 sq km (108.5 sq mi), with a mean elevation of 86 m(283 ft). According to the 1990 census, blacks are 55.7 percent of the population, whitesare 43.6 percent, Asians and Pacific Islanders 0.5 percent, and Native Americans 0.1percent. The remainder are of mixed heritage or did not report ethnicity. Hispanics, who maybe of any race, are 0.4 percent of the people. Population 202,895 (1980); 196,637 (1990);188,419 (1998 estimate).
As a major distribution center, efficient transportation facilities are a must. Eight major air carriers - American Eagle, ASA, Comair, Continental Express, Delta,
Northwest Airlink, US Air Express and Southwest are located in the Jackson International Airport and Hawkins Field. The Illinois Central Gulf Railroad and scores of major truck lines provide freight service to all parts of the nation.
Jackson boasts two regional shopping malls and numerous, multi-store centers. One is so uniquely designed that it is also a favorite tourist attraction.
Eleven hospitals, including the nationally renowned University of Mississippi Medical Center, provide diagnosis and treatment for nearly every possible physical and emotional ailment.
Jackson is at the forefront on technology, particularly in the telecommunications field. LDDS Communications, Inc., Mobil Telecommunications Technology Corp. (Mtel), and the National Weather Network (NWN) are some of the big names that call the area home.
Every major church denomination is represented in the city and there are more than 400 houses of worship scattered throughout the 105 square miles of community. An excellent public school system is an integral part of the area, and seven colleges and junior colleges are located 15 miles of the Jackson's center.
Residents are extremely proud of their southern hospitality and "quality of life." Community support is strong for a symphony orchestra, an opera company, two professional theater groups and the Class AA Jackson Generals baseball club.
Jackson is a community of people dedicated to providing the energy to meet today's challenge and to advance proudly into the future.
www.city.jackson.ms.us
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DNA links man to 1994 murder in LA's Chinatown - LAAP 20:01:46 07/16/04 (7)
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